Internal-combustion engine.



'E. G. JOHANSON. INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGlNE.

APPLICATION HLED JUNE 11. 1917- Patent-ed June 17; 1919.

5 SHEETS-SHEET I.

E. G. JOHANSON..

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE II. 1937.

Patented June 17, 1919.

5 SHEETSSHEET 2.

EX HAUST E. G. JOHANSON.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGlNE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE H. 1917.

Patented 31111617, 1919.

s SHEETS-SHEET s.

E. G. JOHANSON.

INTERNAL comausnow ENGINE.

APPLlCATlON FILED JUNE 11. 1917.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

E. G. JOHANSON.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 1 I91?- 1 ,306,699. Patented June 17, 1919.

5 SHEETSSHEET 5.

UNITED 1 STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EMIL G. J OHAN SON, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGN OR TO THE NORLINGROTARY ENGINE COMPANY, OF PIERRE, SOUTH DAKOTA, A CORPORATION OF SOUTHDAKOTA.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented June 17, 1919.

Application filed June 11, 1917. Serial Ito-173,919.

' tion Engines, of which the following is a full, clear, concise, andexact description;

My invention relates to internal combustion engines and has for itsobject the provision of improved means for compressing charges of gasthat are to be exploded in the exploding portion of the engine.

In practising my invention I employ blades that revolve in the cylindersof the engine, some of these blades pertaining to the gas compressingportion of the engine and other blades pertaining to the gas explodingportion of the engine. The blades in the gas compressing portion of theengine are brought closer together in the gas compressing operation morerapidly and effectively to secure compression.

To obtain proper balance of the engine, simplify its construction and toimprove the operation of the exploding portion of the engine, the bladesin both engine'portions are caused to move in unison.

There are features of construction that are not to be limited tointernal combustion engines.

I will explain my invention more fully by reference to the accompanyingdnawin showing the preferred embodiment thereof and in which Figure 1 isan end view of an engine constructed in accordancewith the invention;Fig. 2 is a side view; Fig. 3 is a view on line 3.3 of Fig. 1; Fi 4 is aview on line 4--4 of Fig. 2.; Fig. 5 1s a view on line 55 of Fig. 2;Fig. 6 is a View on line 6-6 of Fig. 2; Fig. 7 is a view showing theother side of the engine opposite to that illustrated in Fig. 1; Fig. 8is a View illustraiting a form of sparking plug that may be employedFig. 9 is a 'view taken from beneath; Fig.s1O is a View generally insection with parts broken away illustrating a detail of'constructionwhich is preferred; Fig. 11 is a view on line 1'1-11 of Fig. 10;

and Fig. 12 is a view on line 1212 of acters of reference throughout thedifferent figures. The cylinder 1 pertains to the intake and supportedupon a pedestal 3. The rotor portion of the'engine includes a revolublecylinder, 4. that pertains to the intake and compression portion of' theengine and a. revoluble cylinder 5 that pertains to the explosion andexhaust portion, of the en'- gine. These two cylinders 4 and 5 are mechanically connected, being preferably in fixed alinement. The internalcylinders 4 and 5 carry brackets 6 and 7 that are in fixedrelationtherewith ,and to which the compression portion of the engine. Thecylengine shaft structure is secured, the engine shaft being illustratedas being formed in two sections 8 and 9 respectively-fixedly secured tothebrackets 6 and 7 so as to rotate with the cylinders 4 and 5. Theshaft sections. Sand 9 rotate in stationary bearings 10 and 11 which aresecured by the spiders 12, 13 that are carried by the stationary endplates 14 and'15. The cylinders 1 and 2 are separated in part by anannular'diaphragm 16 which is concentric or co-axial with the cylinders4 and 5. This annular diaphragm 16 is provided with packing rings 17, 18upon its end faces which respectively engage the inner end fa'cesof theinner end walls .of the cylinders 4 and 5 whereby gastightseparation:between the portions of the ex-. ternal cylinders 1 and 2 that surroundthe cylinders 4 and 5 is effected. The end walls 14 and 15 of thecylinders'l and 2 are annular, the inner surfaces of these end wallsbeing concentric with the cylinders 4 and 5. Packing rings 19 and 20 arecarried by the end walls 14 and 15 and engage the-cylin-. ders 4 and 5.The cylinders 4 and 5 are eccentric with respect to the cylinders -1and2 whereby crescent-shaped spaces 21, 22 respectively intervenebetween the cylinders- 1 and 4 and between the cylinders'2 and 5. Thegas is admitted to the space 21 through the intake 23 and is compressedin a portion of this space as will be set forth. The compressed gas isdischarged from the space 21 into the space 22, in which latterspace theexplosions are to occur. The transfer of the gas from the space 21 tothe space 22 is 'effected through" the communicating passage 24, a checkvalve 25 being included in this passage that permits the flow of gasfrom the space 21 to the space 22 but prevents spark plugs 26 separated120. These spark plugs are carried by the rotor and project into theexplosion space 22. A contact making and breaking cam block 27 iscoupled with each spark plug structure and is en- 'gageable with aspring presser contact plunger 28 to establish a spark plug circuit, theestablished circuit being broken when the engaging contact 27 passesbeyond the plunger 28. Thus the plunger 28 is included in circuit threetimes for"'each revolution of i the rotor but each time with a differentspark plug whereby three successive'charges of gas are successivelyexploded per revolution of the rotor.

The gas compression portion of theengine is provided with a plurality ofcompressing blades 29 that are mounted to oscillate upon a rod 30 thatafiords an axis of movement for the blades 29 which is concentric withthe cylinder 1. The axis of movement of these blades is, therefore,eccentric with respect to the cylinder 4. The blades project through thecylinder 4 across the space 21 and in order that the blades may slidetransversely with respect to the cylinder 4 and oscillate with respectthereto without permitting gas to escape through the cylinder 4 wherethe blades pass therethrough, I employ cylindrical and rotatable packingboxes 31 through which the blades 29 diametrically project and which arein .gastight engagement with the blades 29 and correspondingly formedbearings 32 integrally made with the cylinder 4. When each blade 29reaches the position a, Fig. 4, compression commences, the next blade29in advance of the blade reaching the position a then being farthestfrom the blade at a. At this time these two blades are at the largestart of the space21. As the rotor continues in movement the blades" 29turn at their bearings 31 to decrease the space between these blades, toeffect compression of the gas trapped between these blades. Thisdecrease in the space between these blades progresses as the blades movetoward the right hand horn, Fig. 4, of the'crescent-shaped space 21 sothat the space in which the gas is being compressed is rapidly reducednot only by forcing the gas into the smaller portion of the space 21 butalso by the reduction of the space between the blades between which thegas is being compressed. After the gas has been compressed into theright hand portion of the space 21, Fig. 4, the leading blade passesover the passage 24 to establish communication between the space 21 andsuch passage 24 whereby the compressed gas passes through the passageand the check valve 25 into the explosion space 22 (Fig.

5 the explosion occurring in the right hand portion of this explosionspace that ispartitioned off from the balance of this space 22 by one ofthe blades 33, one of the sparkplug's 26 functioning to explode the 34the spent gas is discharged. The blades 33 are preferably mounted uponthe rod 30 that affords an axis of movement for the blades 33 which isconcentric with the cylinder 2-. The axis of movement of these bladesis, therefore, eccentric with respect to the cylinder 5. The blades 33project through the cylinder 5 across the space 22 and in order that theblades may slide transversely with respect to the cylinder 5 andoscillate with respect thereto without permitting gasto escape throughthe cylinder 5 where the blades pass therethrough, I employ cylindricaland rotatable packing boxes 35 through which the blades 33 diametricallyproject and which are in gastight engagement with the blades 33 andcorrespondingly formed bearings 36 integrally formed with the cylinder5. When each blade 33 reaches the extreme left hand position shown inFig. 5 the explosion occurs. By this arrangement of parts it will be obvious that the rod 30 does not partake of any bodily movement inresponse to the rotation of the shaft sections and the internalcylinder. Furthermore this arrangment greatly simplifies the mounting ofthe rod and blade in place. The extreme left hand blade 33, beforereceiving the force of an explosion, commences to scavenge thepreviously exploded charge, one blade side scavenging while the otherside receive the force of the explosion. This blade 33 and the one inadvance thereof, by reason of the described mounting of the blades 33upon the rod 30, have the space therebetween reduced so as to reduce theportion of the space 22 containing the spent gas to promote the ejectionof such spent gas through the exhaust assage 34. I do not, however,limit mysel to this arrangement of the blades 33 but this arrangement ispreferred for the purpose stated and inasmuch as such arrangementenables me to use the same rod 30 upon which all of the blades aremounted.

The rod 30 may be suitably positioned.

In the embodiment of the invention illustrated it is provided withrollers 37 upon its ends, these rollers operating within circular spaces38 provided in the .caps 39 for the shaft sections 8, 9. These spaces 38are concentric with the cylinders 4 and 5 but the parts thereofthathappen to contain the rollers 37 are co-incident with theaxis of thecylinders 1 and 2.

The blades may be provided with suitable spring pressed packings 40 attheirradial edges, it not being required to provide any packing at theouter horizontal edges of the blades.

The engine is air cooled by the employment of the constructionillustrated as the internal cylinders 4 and 5 preferably have noimperforate end walls.

By reference to Fig. 5 it willbe observed that the torque occasioned bythe exploded gas is substantially uniform since the blade portioninitially receiving the impact of the explosion is small and in a smallpart of the space 22, the part of this blade that projects into thespace 22 increasing as the blade progresses into the larger part of thespace 22. The area of the blade that is subject to the exploded gas thusincreases as the gas expands to compensate for the reduction in the gaspressure. By reference to Fig. 4 it is to be noted that the intakepassage 23 has a continuation 23 extending to the left hand horn of thecrescent shaped space 22. The intake passage continuation 23 clears theblades 31 from gastight engagement with the cylinder 1, this clearancebeing maintained until the blades reach the position a. The purpose oftheintake continuation 23 is to prevent retardation of the enginerotation that would follow if the'openings 23 were absent.

While I have herein shown and particularly described the preferredembodiment of my invention I do not wish to be limited to 1 are mountedto swing.

the precise details of construction shown as changes may readily be madewithout departing from the spirit of my invention, but having thusdescribed my invention I claim as new and desire to secure by LettersPat-- ent the following 1. Apparatus of the class described including anexternal cylinder, an internal cylinder eccentric with respect to theexternal cylinder and rotatable therein, a shaft formed of separatedsections connected re spectively with theend walls of the internalcylinder and forming in conjunction with the latter seats. at the endsofthe internal cylinder disposed in circumscribing relation torespective shaft sections, blades passing through the internal cylinderinto engage ment with the external cylinder, and a rod having itsends-disposed respectively in said seats to permit bodily shiftingmovement of the rod and'upon which latter said blades 2. Apparatus ofthe class described ineluding an external cylinder, an internal cylindereccentric with respect to the external cylinder'and rotatable therein, ashaft formed of separated sections connected respectively with the endwalls of the internal cylinder and forming in conjunction with thelattercircular seats at the ends of the internal cylinder, bladespassing through the internal cylinder into engagement with the externalcylinder, and a rod having rollers on its ends disposed respectively insaid seats and upon which-rod said blades are mounted to swing.

In witness whereof, I hereunto subscribe my name this seventh day ofJune A. D., 1917.

EMIL G. J O-HANSON.

